Under extreme levels of physiological and psychological strain those in extreme conditions must wrestle uncertainty, complexity, time pressure and accountability  to operate within a set of strategic, ethical and legal boundaries. Navigating such environments requires effective and timely decision-making. 

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While most theories of decision-making focus on how, in "ideal" conditions, people make the "best" decisions, our work focusses on how in uncertain, stressful situations, people make the "least-worst" decision. 

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Led by our bespoke research methodology LUCIFER (the Least-Worst Uncertain Choice inventory for Emergency Responses) our work explores:

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• Personality factors that predict high-stakes "least-worst" decision-making 

• Group-based differences in high-stakes "least-worst" decision-making 

• The effect of training on high-stakes "least-worst" decision-making 

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